Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology

Chapter: Textbook sections: | Genetic engineering capabilitiesGenetic engineering is an important part of biotechnology. Born in the early 1970s, it has made great strides today. Genetic engineering techniques are transforming bacteria, bladder and mammals into fabrics for the large production of any protein. This provides an opportunity to analyse in detail the structure and functions of proteins and to use them as medicines. Currently, the intestine stick (E. coli) has become a supplier of important hormones such as insulin and somatotroine. Previously, the insulins received from the cells of the animal's pancreas, so the cost was very high. For 100 g crystal insulin, 800-1000 kilograms of pancreas are required, and one cow iron weighs 200 to 250 grams. It made insulin expensive and difficult for a wide range of diabetes. For the first time in 1978, researchers from Genentek received insulin in a specially designed intestinal strain. Insulin consists of two polyptide chains A and B in 20 and 30 amino acids. When their disulphide links are connected, a negative two-track insulin shall be formed. It was shown that it did not contain proteins E. coli, endotoxics and other impurities, did not produce side effects like animal insulin, and that biological activity did not differ. Subsequently, a proinsulin synthesis was carried out in the cells of E. coli, for which the DNA copy was synthesized on the RNC matrix by means of a reverse transcript. After purifying the proinsulin, he was scattered and received a nautical insulin, with the extraction and release of hormones being minimized. Out of 1,000 litres of cultural fluid, up to 200 grams of hormonal fluid can be obtained, equivalent to the amount of insulin emitted from 1,600 kg of pork or cow pancreas. Somatopropine is a human growth hormone, secreted by hypophysics. The lack of this hormonal leads to hypophysics carlikovicism. If you put somatopropine in doses 10 mg per kg weight three times a week, then a child in a year. ♪ ♪ |