Methods Of Biotechnology

Contents of the chapter: Textbook sections: | Obtaining monoclonal antibodiesHow are the antibodies formed? The immune response is a complex process of inter-cell interactions between different types of lymphoid cells with special hormones, which has led to the active synthesis and blood-based specific antibodies against this antigen. There are receptors similar to antibodies on the surface of the Limphocytes, whose interaction with antigen in a complex inter-cell complex provides an incentive to start biosynthesis of antibodies.
Standard preparations are difficult to obtain because their composition depends on the species, their individual characteristics, the immunization cycle, and other low-controlled factors. At the same time, the specificity of modern biochemical analysis is very important, i.e. the ability to allocate the substance in complex multi-component environments such as blood serums, plant juices, enzymes. It's possible to use an immunochemical technique that uses antibodies that interact in a narrowly specific manner on the principle of anthigen antithelo. Such an analysis requires completely identical antibodies that are not routinely accepted. The solution was proposed in 1975 by English scientists Georg Köler and Cesar Milstein. They have developed a method of obtaining cellular hybrids - hybrid. The hybrids are formed by merging lymphocytes from immunized animals with bone marrow cells cultivated in vitro. Animal immunization, in response to the antigen in the mice, is intensifying the production antibodies of V-lymphocytes. These cells can only live in the master ' s organism, when converted to an artificial nutritious environment, they die. If you put an immune cage with a tumor, hybrid cells are formed that can live in artificial environments indefinitely. At the same time, they retain the ability to synthesize antibodies. Hybrids synthesizing certain types of antibodies are selected on selective growth media. They are then placed in a cultural fluid where they multiply and form many kin cells (clon). Such clones can synthesize antibodies called monoclonal. ♪ ♪ |