In the near past, the use of herbicides, pesticides and fertilizers has significantly increased the yields of various crops. However, today ' s harvests hardly succeeded in the growing human population, and new approaches were needed. Agricultural biotechnology is likely to play a crucial role in the future in addressing the nutritional problem of growing populations, allowing for the minimum financial cost of maximizing yields, while the area of land accessible to crops is increasing.

Genetic modifications of plants are a new step in improving their properties, and it cannot be denied that agricultural biotechnology is the most powerful instrument by which a person can produce safe, nutritious, long-term storage and even antimicrobial products. However, despite the enormous positive potential of transgenic plants, there remain many ethical issues that dispel both public opinion and researchers. In order to find answers to these questions, there is a need to address the facts and analyse them carefully.

Introduction

Biotechnology, in fact, is not a new direction in human activity. Cheese, bread, alcoholic beverages and yogurts are all products of so-called traditional biotechnology known for many centuries. However, modern developments in molecular biology have given biotechnology new importance and new meaning and, most importantly, new opportunities. Modern biotechnology attracts great attention and can have a significant impact on the world economy and on society as a whole. Genetic engineering, which is now well associated with the field of biotechnology, is the transfer of certain genes from one organism to another, as well as the modification of the body ' s own genes to give it some desired properties. Genetic engineering produces so-called GMOs (genetically modified organisms). Food from the GMO is still being produced, which is in fact controversial, the main issue of which is whether GMOs can be used in food at all. I wonder what Modern biotechnology in their methods is much more precise than traditional. Genetic modifications, for example, carry only one or more selected genes, allowing scientists to acquire plants with clearly defined, predicted properties. Traditional biotechnology methods, such as cross-pollution of maize, lead to a completely uncontrolled transfer of a large number of different genes.